Investigation of self-management and affecting factors in individuals with diabetes

Abstract

Objective: The research was carried out as a descriptive study to examine self-management and affecting factors in individuals with diabetes. Method: The sample of the study consisted of 200 individuals with diabetes who applied to the diabetes education unit of a hospital between April and June 2022. Data; It was collected using the Sociodemographic Diagnostic Form, Part 1 of the Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire Form, and the Chronic Disease Self-Management Scale. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistical analyzes were performed with the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis. The significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The mean scores of Self-Stigma, Coping with Stigma, Health Care Efficiency, and Treatment Compliance sub-dimensions of the Self-Management Scale in Chronic Diseases were found to be 27.05±14.22, 64.45±14.22, 68.84± 19.76, and 78.33±16.46, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the sub-dimension scores of Health Care Efficiency according to sociodemographic characteristics, marital status, adherence to treatment, and income level. The Self-Stigma sub-dimension score, which is one of the characteristics related to the disease, showed a statistically significant difference according to family history of diabetes and body mass index. The Health Care effectiveness sub-dimension score showed a statistically significant difference according to having diabetes in the family history, duration of diabetes, type of treatment, Hemoglobin A1C level, and body mass index. There was a weak positive correlation between Self Stigma and the Disability sub-dimension, and a weak and negative correlation between Social Support. There was a weak positive correlation between Health Care Efficiency and social support. Conclusion: Self-management in individuals with diabetes is affected by sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics. Sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics should be taken into account in self-management training for individuals with diabetes.